{"id":2282,"date":"2020-06-05T16:18:06","date_gmt":"2020-06-05T14:18:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sonnenallee.sma.de\/?p=2282"},"modified":"2022-08-18T11:03:12","modified_gmt":"2022-08-18T09:03:12","slug":"battle-over-the-energy-mix-in-the-land-of-the-rising-sun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sonnenallee.sma.de\/en\/peripheral-energy\/battle-over-the-energy-mix-in-the-land-of-the-rising-sun\/","title":{"rendered":"Battle over the energy mix in the land of the rising sun"},"content":{"rendered":"<header class=\"swe-post-header swe-post-header-image-right\"><div class=\"info\"><h1 itemprop=\"headline\">Battle over the energy mix in the land of the rising sun<\/h1><div class=\"subtitle\">Japan\u2019s energy transition after Fukushima <\/div><div class=\"blog-tags\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sonnenallee.sma.de\/en\/tag\/peripheral-energy\/\" rel=\"tag\" class=\"tag\">#Peripheral energy<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/sonnenallee.sma.de\/en\/tag\/solar-energy\/\" rel=\"tag\" class=\"tag\">#Solar energy<\/a><\/div><div class=\"boxes\"><div class=\"wpulike sonnenallee-display wp_ulike_general_class\"><div class=\"grid\"><div class=\"count-box\"><span class=\"count-box\">0<\/span><\/div><div class=\"symbol\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"time\">5 Min.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"preview\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sonnenallee.sma.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Japan_Energieversorgung_Strommix.jpg\"\/><div class=\"boxes callout\"><button class=\"share\">Share<\/button>    <div class=\"wpulike  sonnenallee-interactive\"><div class=\"wp_ulike_general_class wp_ulike_is_not_liked\"><button type=\"button\"\n                    data-ulike-id=\"2282\"\n                    data-ulike-nonce=\"e74c57080c\"\n                    data-ulike-type=\"post\"\n                    data-ulike-template=\"sonnenallee-interactive\"\n                    data-ulike-display-likers=\"0\"\n                    data-ulike-likers-style=\"popover\"\n                    class=\"wp_ulike_btn wp_ulike_put_text wp_post_btn_2282\"><span>Like<\/span>            <\/button><\/div><\/div>\n\t<\/div><div class=\"av-share-box hidden callout\"><div class=\"share-content\"><span class=\"close\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/themes\/enfold-child_sonnenallee\/images\/icons\/kreuz-dunkel.svg\"\/><\/span><h1>Share article<\/h1><h2>How do you want to share the article?<\/h2><ul class=\"av-share-box-list noLightbox\"><li class=\"av-share-link av-social-link-mail\"><a aria-label=\"mail\" href=\"mailto:?body=https%3A%2F%2Fsonnenallee.sma.de%2Fen%2Fperipheral-energy%2Fbattle-over-the-energy-mix-in-the-land-of-the-rising-sun%2F&amp;subject=Battle%20over%20the%20energy%20mix%20in%20the%20land%20of%20the%20rising%20sun\" title target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sonnenallee.sma.de\/wp-content\/themes\/enfold-child_sonnenallee\/images\/mail.png\"\/><span class=\"avia_hidden_link_text\">mail<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"av-share-link av-social-link-facebook\"><a aria-label=\"Facebook\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fsonnenallee.sma.de%2Fen%2Fperipheral-energy%2Fbattle-over-the-energy-mix-in-the-land-of-the-rising-sun%2F&amp;t=Battle%20over%20the%20energy%20mix%20in%20the%20land%20of%20the%20rising%20sun\" title target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sonnenallee.sma.de\/wp-content\/themes\/enfold-child_sonnenallee\/images\/facebook.png\"\/><span class=\"avia_hidden_link_text\">Facebook<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/header>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jzntsn65-7e6ed88780900f3a65f67525dce9a070\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-jzntsn65-7e6ed88780900f3a65f67525dce9a070{\nheight:50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-jzntsn65-7e6ed88780900f3a65f67525dce9a070 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_swe_post_header  el_before_swe_post_section  avia-builder-el-last '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"swe-post-container\">\n<div class=\"swe-author author\"><p><strong>Text:<\/strong> Kai Hafner, 05.06.2020<\/p><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-hm5a1-04a1b10d35550a643b98b6cb1ed0bc82'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Japan is the country with the third highest power consumption in the world\u00a0and its history is marked by a maximum credible accident\u00a0(MCA)\u00a0involving the nuclear reactor in Fukushima.The\u00a0disaster brought about a change in the country\u2019s energy supply. Unfortunately, however, the Japanese are relying more heavily on fossil fuels than on alternative energies.Japan\u2019s renewable energy targets are below the global average.Although\u00a0the proportion of energy accounted for by renewables has increased over the past\u00a0five years, the country is still far from reaching its targets for the\u00a0energy mix.Japan is famous for its technology, so why does it seem to be getting nowhere fast with renewable energies?\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-hm5a1-f670a226864a4a2b95d06886f65808d2'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Until the nuclear reactor incident at Fukushima in March 2011,\u00a0the country covered a third of its\u00a0electricity demand with nuclear power. In point of fact,\u00a0there were\u00a0nuclear power plants in operation\u00a0at 17 different locations. All but two of them have since been shut down.But, being an island nation, it wasn\u2019t possible for Japan to import electricity from neighboring countries, as is common practice in Europe.So after the catastrophe,\u00a0the\u00a0country\u00a0stepped up\u00a0its use of coal and gas fossil fuels to plug its energy deficit.<\/p>\n<p>After the Fukushima disaster, the country did also make some progress with alternative energies, but this was small compared with other countries and\u00a0critics believe it did not go far\u00a0enough.In 2013, the country generated\u00a010 percent\u00a0of its total electricity mix\u00a0from renewable energy sources, and by 2018 this figure was 16.9 percent.Hydropower has always accounted for a certain proportion of Japan\u2019s energy (7.7 percent), and this has largely remained constant. The country\u2019s Total\u00a0Energy\u00a0Statistics show that the proportion of electricity generated by solar energy now\u00a0amounts to\u00a06 percent.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-l6ytdkmx-67fc6f6cc93b5dc3f829440810c11fcb\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-l6ytdkmx-67fc6f6cc93b5dc3f829440810c11fcb{\nheight:50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-l6ytdkmx-67fc6f6cc93b5dc3f829440810c11fcb hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-l6yt4iho-9edfcf976e740e97b11224a76564d921'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2><strong>An energy plan\u00a0based on three pillars<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>To understand these developments, we need to look at Japan\u2019s\u00a0climate policy.The overriding factor in its policy is safety \u2013 economic, environmental and energy safety, writes Hannes Bublitz, a research assistant and project coordinator at the foreign office of the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung\u00a0(KAS)\u00a0foundation in Tokyo.<\/p>\n<p>This is all plainly evident in the\u00a0Japanese government\u2019s energy plan. It sets out firstly that 26 percent of electricity generated will come from coal burning in 2030,\u00a0and secondly that nuclear power will be ramped up significantly again to a level of\u00a022 percent and assume its old role of a source of base load energy. It is envisaged that renewable energies will account for 24 percent. Put simply, this means that 56 percent of electricity will have to be covered by fossil fuels.<\/p>\n<p>Japan\u2019s energy plan rests on three pillars. Firstly, energy safety is to be achieved through a self-sufficiency ratio of 25 percent. Secondly, financial resources are to be invested as efficiently as possible in expanding the energy grid. Both of these steps will lead to greater use of coal and nuclear power, the two cheapest sources of energy available on the Japanese market \u2013 a move that has been criticized by many. Thirdly, a combination of renewable energy and nuclear power is to be used to minimize CO<sub>2<\/sub> emissions. The government is proclaiming that the use of energy from gas and coal will be made more environmentally friendly using technical innovations. The expansion of coal-fired power plants already announced by Japan\u2019s President\u00a0Shinz\u014d\u00a0Abe will be based on a cost-benefit analysis, Bublitz goes on to say.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_one_full flex_column_div  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock \"><div class=\"swe-special-images swe-special-images-1 subtitle\"><div class=\"image-container image-container-image-1\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sonnenallee.sma.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Japan_Atomkraft_Energieversorgung.jpg\" alt=\"\" aria-label=\"The energy mix in Japan is still dominated by fossil energy sources.\" \/><\/div><span class=\"image-subtitle\"><span class=\"image-subtitle-inner image-description\">The energy mix in Japan is still dominated by fossil energy sources.<\/span><\/span><div class=\"image-container image-container-image-2\"><div class=\"image-container-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sonnenallee.sma.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Japan_Stadt_Energieversorgung.jpg\" alt=\"\" aria-label=\"The energy mix in Japan is still dominated by fossil energy sources.\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-hm5a1-e33e9b583b0998541c1cbb216dc489b0\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-hm5a1-e33e9b583b0998541c1cbb216dc489b0 .avia_textblock{\n-webkit-column-count:2;\n-moz-column-count:2;\ncolumn-count:2;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-hm5a1-e33e9b583b0998541c1cbb216dc489b0'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_multi_colums'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2><strong>Fossil fuels dominate the\u00a0energy mix<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Looking at Japan\u2019s energy mix from 2018, it quickly becomes apparent that\u00a0Japan still has a long way to go\u00a0when it comes to renewable energies. In 2018, 76.3\u00a0percent of electricity came from coal, gas and oil. By contrast, 16.9\u00a0percent came from alternative energies and\u00a06.2 percent from nuclear power. This does not bode well for the country meeting its Paris climate change targets.Japan is widely criticized.After all, it claimed to want to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 80 percent by 2050. A study by research institute\u00a0Climate\u00a0Analytics in cooperation with the\u00a0Japanese\u00a0Renewable\u00a0Energy\u00a0Institute has expressed doubts about the country meeting these targets. The underlying message of the study is that Japan will realistically be able to meet its emissions targets only by massively increasing the proportion of renewable energies in its energy mix.Even the Japanese government itself has since admitted that it will have a hard time meeting the emissions targets.<\/p>\n<p>This is difficult to comprehend given the fact that, according to the\u00a0Germanwatch\u00a0Climate Risk Index, the country is itself severely affected by climate change and extreme weather events, which have caused nearly \u20ac36 billion of damage.The government\u2019s actions also stand in stark\u00a0contrast to the pleas of the UN Secretary-General, the IPCC and numerous climate change researchers, who are calling for a rapid exit from coal-based energy production.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Fight over the performance capability of the utility grid<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Although the\u00a0reasons for the preference shown to nuclear and coal power are motivated by power politics and money, as is so often the case, we also need to consider the idiosyncrasies of the Japanese energy grid.<\/p>\n<p>Concerns over grid stability are slowing down the expansion of wind and solar power.There are two main challenges standing in the way of\u00a0the switchover to renewable energies in Japan. The first one is that different grid frequencies in the east (50 Hertz) and the west (60 Hertz) of the island nation are making it difficult to connect the two parts of the grid.This is also relevant because most of the wind turbine systems can be found in the east and most of the PV power plants in the west. The second challenge is that the Japanese\u202futility grid\u202fis not connected to the grids of other countries, meaning that the country is not able to offset its electricity demand with imports and exports, as described above. Grid stability must therefore be organized within a self-contained electricity system instead.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Study provides a ray of hope\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>However, a recent\u00a0study of the grid\u00a0by Agora Energiewende in collaboration with the Japanese\u00a0Renewable\u00a0Energy\u00a0Institute (REI)\u00a0has revealed that there are technical solutions that could be used to tackle the challenges standing in the way of Japan\u2019s energy transition.(See box)<\/p>\n<p>\u201cFrom the perspective of the grid, there is no reason that Japan cannot accelerate its expansion of renewable energies,\u201c recommends\u00a0Dimitri\u00a0Pescia, a project manager at Agora Energiewende, adding that\u202fin a very short space of time, the country had risen to become one of the most dynamic photovoltaics markets after China. He believes the country should not thwart this development with modest energy transition targets. \u201cSo I think the Japanese government should rethink its expansion strategy,\u201c says\u00a0Pescia.<\/p>\n<p>It is therefore clear that renewable energies could supply significantly more electricity in Japan than the Japanese government has factored into its current targets. \u202fThe proportion of electricity generation accounted for by renewables could be increased to at least 40 percent by 2030.If Japan managed to do this, it would be a universal success.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='av_promobox av-kb2abxpk-7ab19703b9938ae0f05bc42b5633d7ca avia-button-yes  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '><div class='avia-promocontent'><h3><strong>Utility grid tested from tip to toe<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>In the study, the experts analyzed the stability of the Japanese utility grid and applied two different scenarios. The Japanese government\u2019s target (installed capacity of 64 GW of solar power and 10 GW of wind power) was used in the first scenario. The second scenario was based on solar power capacity of 100 GW and wind power capacity of 36 GW. The experts then simulated the sudden drop-out of 1.5 GW of feed-in power, equivalent to the capacity of two coal-fired power plants. A report on the study claimed that grid stability was maintained in both scenarios, with reserves of traditional power plants supplemented by wind turbine and PV systems able to compensate for the power drop-out.<\/p>\n<\/div><div  class='avia-button-wrap av-kb2abxpk-fd2d6bdb4b6f88cad80690b35dbec388-wrap avia-button-right ' ><a href='https:\/\/www.agora-energiewende.de\/presse\/neuigkeiten-archiv\/japans-stromnetz-kann-mehr-strom-aus-wind-und-sonne-aufnehmen-als-die-regierung-plant\/' class='avia-button av-kb2abxpk-fd2d6bdb4b6f88cad80690b35dbec388 avia-icon_select-no avia-size-medium avia-position-right avia-color-theme-color-subtle' target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >more<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"center-content\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sonnenallee.sma.de\/en\/\" class=\"btn inverted\">Close article<\/a><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Fukushima reactor disaster brought about a change in energy supply in Japan. But the electricity mix today is sobering, isn&#8217;t it?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":2288,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","beyondwords_generate_audio":"1","beyondwords_project_id":"16115","beyondwords_content_id":"","beyondwords_preview_token":"","beyondwords_player_content":"","beyondwords_player_style":"","beyondwords_language_code":"","beyondwords_language_id":"","beyondwords_title_voice_id":"","beyondwords_body_voice_id":"","beyondwords_summary_voice_id":"","beyondwords_error_message":"","beyondwords_disabled":"","beyondwords_delete_content":"","beyondwords_podcast_id":"4887137","beyondwords_hash":"9b66e8df8be33e7ee9e20d1f8454da8872b5a515","publish_post_to_speechkit":"","speechkit_hash":"","speechkit_generate_audio":"","speechkit_project_id":"","speechkit_podcast_id":"","speechkit_error_message":"","speechkit_disabled":"","speechkit_access_key":"","speechkit_error":"","speechkit_info":"","speechkit_response":"","speechkit_retries":"","speechkit_status":"Updated","speechkit_updated_at":"","_speechkit_link":"","_speechkit_text":""},"categories":[82],"tags":[92,89],"class_list":["post-2282","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-peripheral-energy","tag-peripheral-energy","tag-solar-energy"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Battle over the energy mix in the land of the rising sun - Sonnenallee<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Fukushima reactor disaster brought about a change in energy supply in Japan. 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